THE EMPLOYMENT OF NEGRO TROOPS <> Ulysses Lee <> US Army in World War II <> CMH

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THE EMPLOYMENT OF NEGRO TROOPS
By
Ulysses Lee
The principal problem in the employment of Negro Americans as soldiers in World War II was that the civilian backgrounds of Negroes made them generally less well prepared than white Americans to become soldiers or leaders of men. This problem was greatly complicated by contemporary attitudes and practices in American society that tended further to inhibit the most efficient use of Negroes in military service. Despite these handicaps Negro soldiers played a larger role in the most recent great war than in any previous American conflict. While the bulk of the more than half a million of them who were overseas by early 1945 were serving in supply and construction units, many were directly engaged with the enemy on the ground and in the air. If proportionately fewer Negroes became combat troops than the Army had contemplated in its prewar mobilization plans, this was true for white soldiers as well. Global war generated a need for service troops far greater than anyone visualized before Pearl Harbor, as well as a need to use all able-bodied Americans regardless of color or other distinction in military or civilian support of the war effort.
The integration of whites and Negroes in the armed forces of the United States in the early 1950's and the continued rapid advance of Negroes in the American economic and social order have substantially altered the circumstances governing their use as soldiers a quarter century ago. Nevertheless another full mobilization of American manpower for national defense would again bring to the fore many of the problems described in this volume. Dr. Lee's work embodies a record of service of which Americans generally can be proud, and for which the country is grateful.
The principal problem in the employment of Negro Americans as soldiers in World War II was that the civilian backgrounds of Negroes made them generally less well prepared than white Americans to become soldiers or leaders of men.
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